10 izinhlobo resin plastic kanye nesicelo
Incazelo emfushane:
Imikhiqizo yepulasitiki isetshenziswa kabanzi, futhi kunezinhlobo eziningi zepulasitiki ezitholakala namuhla. Ake sabelane nawe ngolwazi lwe Izinhlobo eziyi-10 zeplastikhi yenhlaka nokusetshenziswa kwazo
Ukuze senze kahle ekwakhiweni nasekwakhiweni kwemikhiqizo yepulasitiki, kufanele siqonde izinhlobo nokusetshenziswa kwepulasitiki.
IPlastiki luhlobo lwenhlanganisela ephezulu yamangqamuzana (ama-macrolecule) afakwa polymerized ngokufaka i-polymerization noma ukusabela kwe-polycondensation nge-monomer njengezinto eziluhlaza. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zepulasitiki ezinezakhiwo ezahlukahlukene, kepha kulula ukukhanya ngesisindo, kulula ukwakha, kulula ukuthola izinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nentengo ephansi, ikakhulukazi ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle, ukwahlukanisa nokulondolozwa kokushisa, izakhiwo zokumelana nomthelela zisakazekile esetshenziswa embonini nasempilweni yomuntu.
Izici Plastics:
(1) Izingxenye eziyinhloko zezinto zokusetshenziswa zepulasitiki ziyi-matrix ye-polymer ebizwa nge-resin.
(2) IPlastiki inokufakwa okuhle kukagesi, ukushisa nomsindo: ukwahlukanisa ugesi, ukumelana ne-arc, ukulondolozwa kokushisa, ukufakwa komsindo, ukumunca umsindo, ukumunca ukudlidliza, ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokunciphisa umsindo.
(3), ukucubungula okuhle, ngokusebenzisa ukubunjwa komjovo, kungenziwa ngemikhiqizo enesimo esiyinkimbinkimbi, usayizi ozinzile nekhwalithi enhle ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu.
(4) Impahla eluhlaza engaplastikhi: luhlobo lwento ene-polymer zokwenziwa resin (i-polymer) njengengxenye eyinhloko, engena ngokungena ezintweni ezisizayo ezahlukahlukene noma izithasiselo ezithile ezinokusetshenziswa okuthile, ezinopulasitiki noketshezi ngaphansi kokushisa okuthile nengcindezi, okungaba ubunjwe waba sesimweni esithile futhi ugcine umumo ungashintshiwe ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile ..
Ukuhlukaniswa kweplastiki
Ngokuya ngesakhiwo samangqamuzana se-resin yokwenziwa, izinto zokusetshenziswa zepulasitiki ikakhulu zifaka amaplastikhi e-thermoplastic kanye ne-thermosetting: kumaplastikhi e-thermoplastic, izinto zepulasitiki eziseseyipulasitiki ngemuva kokushisa okuphindaphindwayo ikakhulukazi i-PE / PP / PVC / PS / ABS / PMMA / POM / PC / PA nezinye izinto ezivamile zokusetshenziswa. I-Thermosetting plastic ikakhulu ibhekisa kupulasitiki owenziwe ngokushisa nokuqinisa i-resin yokwenziwa, enjengeplastiki ethile ye-phenolic kanye ne-amino plastic. I-Polymer yakhiwe ngamamolekyu amaningi amancane futhi alula (i-monomer) nge-bond covalent.
1. Ukuhlukaniswa ngokuya ngezici ze-resin ngesikhathi sokushisa nokupholisa
(1) Ama-plastiki e-Thermoset: ngemuva kokushisa, isakhiwo samangqamuzana sizohlanganiswa senziwe isimo senethiwekhi. Uma isihlanganisiwe saba yi-polymer yenethiwekhi, ngeke ithambe ngisho nangemva kokuphindaphindwa, ikhombisa lokho okubizwa [ngoshintsho olungaphenduki], olubangelwa ukuguqulwa kwesakhiwo samangqamuzana (amakhemikhali ukuguqulwa).
(2), i-thermoplastics: kubhekiswa kupulasitiki ozoncibilika ngemuva kokushisa, ugelezele esikhunjeni ukupholisa nokwakha, bese kuncibilika ngemuva kokushisa. Kungashiswa futhi kupholiswe ukukhiqiza [ushintsho olubuyela emuva] (uketshezi ← → okuqinile), nokuyinto okuthiwa ushintsho lomzimba.
Ipulasitiki ejwayelekile: ABS, PVC.PS.PE
Amapulasitiki ejwayelekile wobunjiniyela: PA.PC, PBT, POM, PET
C. Amapulasitiki amakhulu wobunjiniyela: i-PPS. I-LCP
Ngokuya ngobubanzi besicelo, kukhona amapulasitiki ajwayelekile afana ne-PE / PP / PVC / PS nama-plastiki wobunjiniyela njenge-ABS / POM / PC / PA. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona amapulasitiki akhethekile, njengokushisa okuphezulu nokumelana nomswakama, ukumelana nokugqwala namanye amaplastiki aguqulwe ngezinhloso ezikhethekile.
2. Ukwahlukaniswa ngokusebenzisa amapulasitiki
(1) Ipulasitiki ejwayelekile iluhlobo lweplastiki esetshenziswa kabanzi. Okukhiphayo kukhulu, kubalwa cishe izingxenye ezintathu kwezine zomkhiqizo opulasitiki ophelele, futhi intengo yawo iphansi. Isetshenziswa kabanzi ukwenza izidingo zansuku zonke ngaphandle kwengcindezi encane, njengegobolondo le-TV, igobolondo locingo, umcengezi wepulasitiki, umphongolo wepulasitiki, njll. Unobudlelwano obusondelene kakhulu nabantu futhi isibe yinsika ebalulekile yomkhakha wepulasitiki. Amapulasitiki ajwayelekile asetshenzisiwe yi-PE, i-PVC, i-PS, i-PP, i-PF, i-UF, i-MF, njll.
(2) Amaplastiki ezobunjiniyela Yize intengo yamaplastikhi ejwayelekile iphansi, izakhiwo zayo zemishini, ukumelana namazinga okushisa kanye nokumelana nokugqwala kunzima ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zezinto zokwakha kobunye ubunjiniyela nemishini. Ngakho-ke, kwenziwa amapulasitiki obunjiniyela. Inamandla aphezulu wokuqina nokuqina, ingathatha indawo yensimbi noma izinto ezingekho zensimbi, futhi ingenza izingxenye zomshini noma izingxenye zokucindezelwa kobunjiniyela ezinesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi, eziningi zazo ezisebenza kakhulu kunezokuqala I-plastiki ejwayelekile yobunjiniyela yi-PA, ABS, PSF, PTFE, POM ne-PC.
(3) Izinto zokusetshenziswa ezikhethekile zepulasitiki, ezinemisebenzi eyehlukile, zingasetshenziswa kwezinye izikhathi ezikhethekile, ezinjengokuqhuba oplastikhi abasebenza ngamagnetic, amaplastikhi e-ionomer, amapulasitiki we-pearlescent, amapulasitiki we-photosensitive, ama-plastiki wezokwelapha, njll.
Ubunjwe ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene
Ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlobo ezingama-10 zeplastiki zenhlaka:
1. Amapulasitiki ajwayelekile
(1) .PP (polypropylene): amandla omlilo anephunga le-petroleum, umbala wangemuva welangabi uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka; amanzi antantayo.
I-Homopolymer PP: eguquguqukayo, evuthayo, yocingo, imishini kagesi, ibhodi, imikhiqizo yansuku zonke.
I-Copolymerized PP: umbala wemvelo, ovuthayo, izinto zikagesi, izesekeli zasendlini, iziqukathi. Ukwenza okungahleliwe kwe-PP: okusobala kakhulu, okushayo, amadivayisi wezokwelapha, iziqukathi zokudla, imikhiqizo yokupakisha
(2) .ABS (polystyrene butadiene propylene copolymer): ukucwebezela okuphezulu, intuthu evuthayo, ukunambitheka okunephunga; amanzi acwilisiwe.
Izinto zokusetshenziswa ze-ABS: ukuqina okuphezulu namandla, okusha; igobolondo kagesi, ipuleti, amathuluzi, izinsimbi.
Ukuguqulwa kwe-ABS: khulisa ukuqina nelangabi elibuyisa, elingashisi; izingxenye auto, izingxenye kagesi
(3) .PVC (polyvinyl chloride): iphunga le-chlorine evuthayo, eluhlaza ngaphansi kwelangabi; amanzi acwilisiwe.
Ngesandla Esiqinile PVC: amandla okusezingeni eliphezulu nobulukhuni, ilangabi cishe yizona ezisetshenziswa kabanzi; izinto zokwakha, amapayipi.
I-PVC ethambile: iyaguquguquka futhi kulula ukuyicubungula, kunzima ukuyishisa; amathoyizi, ubuciko, ubucwebe
2. Amaplastiki ezobunjiniyela
(1) .PC (polycarbonate): ilangabi eliphuzi, intuthu emnyama, ukunambitheka okukhethekile, amanzi acwilisiwe; eqinile, esobala ephezulu, evimbela ilangabi; digital mobile, CD, kwaholela, izidingo zansuku zonke.
(2) .PC / ABS (ingxubevange): iphunga elikhethekile, intuthu emnyama ephuzi, amanzi acwilisiwe; ukuqina okuqinile, okumhlophe, okubuyisela ilangabi; izinto zikagesi, ikesi lethuluzi, imishini yokuxhumana.
(3) .PA (polyamide PA6, PA66): imvelo ehamba kancane, intuthu ephuzi, iphunga elishayo lezinwele; ubunzima, amandla aphakeme, ukuvimbela ilangabi; imishini, izingxenye zemishini, izingxenye zikagesi.
(4) .POM (polyformaldehyde): ithiphu evuthayo ephuzi, ukuphela okuphansi okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, iphunga le-formaldehyde; ubunzima, amandla aphakeme, okushayo; igiya, izingxenye zemishini.
(5) .i-PMMA (i-polymethyl methacrylate); ukunambitheka okukhethekile okubabayo: ukuhanjiswa okuphezulu kokukhanya; i-plexiglass, imisebenzi yezandla, imihlobiso, ukupakisha, ukuthobela ifilimu.
3. Elastomer plastic
(1) .TPU (polyurethane): ukunambitheka okukhethekile; ukuqina okuhle, ukuqina nokugqoka ukumelana, okuvuthayo; izingxenye zemishini, izingxenye zikagesi.
(2) .TPE: iphunga elikhethekile, ilangabi eliphuzi; I-SEBS iguquliwe, ubulukhuni bomzimba buyashintsha, impahla enhle yamakhemikhali, evuthayo; amathoyizi, isibambo somjovo wesibili, izikhwama zokubamba, izintambo, izingxenye zezimoto, imishini yezemidlalo
Kunezinhlobo ezine zobuchwepheshe beplastiki bokubumba: umjovo wokubumba, ukubumba i-extrusion, ukubumba kwe-calendering nokubumba. Umjovo udini inqubo main ukuthola isakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi ngokunemba usayizi izingxenye plastic. Ukukhiqizwa komjovo kudinga ukuthembela ezintweni ezintathu zomjovo womjovo, umshini wokujova nezinto zokusetshenziswa zepulasitiki ukuqedela uhlelo.IMestech igxile ekukhiqizeni ngomjovo wesikhunta sepulasitiki nasezingxenyeni zepulasitiki iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-10, futhi ithole ubuchwepheshe nobuchwepheshe obunothile. Sizinikezele ukukunikeza ukukhiqizwa kwesikhunta nezinsizakalo zepulasitiki zezinto zokubumba, sicela uxhumane nathi.
